Showing posts with label Worksheet. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Worksheet. Show all posts

Worksheet Science 8 Grade - Burning (Key) - MATERIAL CHANGES


1. Burning is a chemical reaction specifically known as:

A. Oxidation

B. Sublimation

C. Evaporation

D. Condensation

  • Pembahasan: Pembakaran adalah reaksi kimia di mana suatu zat bereaksi dengan oksigen. Proses pengikatan oksigen oleh suatu zat secara kimia disebut dengan oksidasi.

    Key: A

2. Which three components are required for a fire to occur, often referred to as the "Fire Triangle"?

A. Fuel, Nitrogen, and Heat

B. Fuel, Oxygen, and Heat

C. Carbon Dioxide, Fuel, and Spark

D. Oxygen, Water, and Fuel

  • Pembahasan: Segitiga api (Fire Triangle) menjelaskan bahwa api hanya bisa tercipta jika ada tiga unsur: bahan bakar (fuel), oksigen sebagai agen pengoksidasi, dan panas (heat) untuk mencapai suhu penyulutan.

    Key: B

3. When a substance burns in a plentiful supply of oxygen, the process is called:

A. Incomplete combustion

B. Thermal decomposition

C. Complete combustion

D. Slow oxidation

  • Pembahasan: Jika pasokan oksigen sangat melimpah, bahan bakar akan terbakar habis secara total. Proses ini disebut sebagai pembakaran sempurna (complete combustion).

    Key: C

4. What are the two primary products formed during the complete combustion of a hydrocarbon?

A. Carbon and Hydrogen

B. Carbon Monoxide and Water

C. Carbon Dioxide and Water vapor

D. Oxygen and Carbon

  • Pembahasan: Hidrokarbon (seperti gas alam atau lilin) yang terbakar sempurna bereaksi dengan oksigen menghasilkan dua produk utama, yaitu gas karbon dioksida ($CO_2$) dan uap air ($H_2O$).

    Key: C

5. Which gas is necessary for combustion to take place?

A. Carbon Dioxide

B. Nitrogen

C. Argon

D. Oxygen

  • Pembahasan: Oksigen adalah gas pendukung pembakaran. Tanpa adanya oksigen, reaksi kimia pembakaran tidak dapat terjadi meskipun ada bahan bakar dan panas.

    Key: D

6. If a fuel burns in a limited supply of oxygen, which dangerous, odorless gas is produced?

A. Carbon Dioxide

B. Carbon Monoxide

C. Sulfur Dioxide

D. Nitrogen Oxide

  • Pembahasan: Ketika oksigen tidak mencukupi (pembakaran tidak sempurna), atom karbon tidak berikatan penuh dengan oksigen, sehingga menghasilkan gas karbon monoksida ($CO$) yang sangat beracun dan tidak berbau.

    Key: B

7. Combustion is an example of an exothermic reaction because it:

A. Absorbs energy from the surroundings

B. Releases energy in the form of heat and light

C. Results in a decrease in temperature

D. Only occurs at very low temperatures

  • Pembahasan: Reaksi eksotermik adalah reaksi yang mengeluarkan energi ke lingkungan. Pembakaran selalu melepaskan energi, biasanya dalam bentuk panas (kalor) dan cahaya (api).

    Key: B

8. The minimum temperature at which a substance catches fire and starts burning is called its:

A. Melting point

B. Boiling point

C. Ignition temperature

D. Evaporation point

  • Pembahasan: Ignition temperature atau suhu penyulutan adalah ambang batas suhu terendah yang diperlukan agar suatu zat dapat memulai reaksi pembakaran secara mandiri.

    Key: C

9. Which of the following substances would be classified as non-combustible?

A. Paper

B. Wood

C. Glass

D. Petrol

  • Pembahasan: Zat non-combustible adalah zat yang tidak dapat terbakar. Kaca tidak bereaksi dengan oksigen untuk menghasilkan api, berbeda dengan kertas, kayu, dan bensin yang merupakan bahan bakar.

    Key: C

10. What is the black, powdery substance (soot) produced during incomplete combustion mainly composed of?

A. Pure Oxygen

B. Unburnt Carbon particles

C. Water vapor

D. Nitrogen

  • Pembahasan: Jelaga (soot) adalah butiran hitam yang muncul pada pembakaran tidak sempurna. Ini merupakan partikel karbon yang tidak sempat bereaksi dengan oksigen karena pasokan oksigen yang terbatas.

    Key: B

11. Which type of combustion occurs instantly with the release of a large amount of gas, heat, and light, often accompanied by sound?

A. Spontaneous combustion

B. Rapid combustion

C. Explosion

D. Slow combustion

  • Pembahasan: Ledakan (explosion) adalah jenis pembakaran yang terjadi dalam waktu sangat singkat, menghasilkan pemuaian gas yang masif secara mendadak serta suara yang keras.

    Key: C

12. Using a fire blanket to extinguish a small fire works primarily by:

A. Lowering the temperature of the fuel

B. Removing the fuel source

C. Cutting off the supply of oxygen

D. Increasing the ignition temperature

  • Pembahasan: Selimut api bekerja dengan metode isolasi. Dengan menutup api, selimut tersebut menghalangi oksigen dari udara masuk ke area pembakaran, sehingga api akan padam.

    Key: C

13. In a candle flame, which zone is the hottest?

A. The innermost dark zone

B. The middle luminous zone

C. The outer non-luminous zone

D. The wick itself

  • Pembahasan: Bagian terluar dari api lilin (zona non-luminous) adalah bagian yang mendapatkan pasokan oksigen paling banyak, sehingga pembakaran di sana paling sempurna dan suhunya paling tinggi.

    Key: C

14. Magnesium ribbon burns in air with a dazzling white flame to produce:

A. Magnesium Carbonate

B. Magnesium Oxide

C. Magnesium Sulfate

D. Magnesium Chloride

  • Pembahasan: Ketika logam magnesium terbakar, ia bereaksi dengan oksigen di udara. Hasil reaksinya adalah bubuk putih yang disebut magnesium oksida ($MgO$).

    Key: B

15. Why is water NOT used to extinguish electrical fires or oil fires?

A. Water acts as a fuel for these fires

B. Water can conduct electricity or cause oil to splatter

C. Water turns into oxygen when heated

D. Water increases the ignition temperature of oil

  • Pembahasan: Air menghantarkan listrik, sehingga berbahaya untuk kebakaran listrik (risiko sengatan). Pada kebakaran minyak, air lebih berat dari minyak sehingga minyak akan mengapung di atas air dan api justru menyebar lebih luas.

    Key: B

 

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Worksheet Science 8 Grade - Burning - MATERIAL CHANGES

1. Burning is a chemical reaction specifically known as:

A. Oxidation

B. Sublimation

C. Evaporation

D. Condensation

2. Which three components are required for a fire to occur, often referred to as the "Fire Triangle"?

A. Fuel, Nitrogen, and Heat

B. Fuel, Oxygen, and Heat

C. Carbon Dioxide, Fuel, and Spark

D. Oxygen, Water, and Fuel

3. When a substance burns in a plentiful supply of oxygen, the process is called:

A. Incomplete combustion

B. Thermal decomposition

C. Complete combustion

D. Slow oxidation

4. What are the two primary products formed during the complete combustion of a hydrocarbon?

A. Carbon and Hydrogen

B. Carbon Monoxide and Water

C. Carbon Dioxide and Water vapor

D. Oxygen and Carbon

5. Which gas is necessary for combustion to take place?

A. Carbon Dioxide

B. Nitrogen

C. Argon

D. Oxygen

6. If a fuel burns in a limited supply of oxygen, which dangerous, odorless gas is produced?

A. Carbon Dioxide

B. Carbon Monoxide

C. Sulfur Dioxide

D. Nitrogen Oxide

7. Combustion is an example of an exothermic reaction because it:

A. Absorbs energy from the surroundings

B. Releases energy in the form of heat and light

C. Results in a decrease in temperature

D. Only occurs at very low temperatures

8. The minimum temperature at which a substance catches fire and starts burning is called its:

A. Melting point

B. Boiling point

C. Ignition temperature

D. Evaporation point

9. Which of the following substances would be classified as non-combustible?

A. Paper

B. Wood

C. Glass

D. Petrol

10. What is the black, powdery substance (soot) produced during incomplete combustion mainly composed of?

A. Pure Oxygen

6. Unburnt Carbon particles

C. Water vapor

D. Nitrogen

11. Which type of combustion occurs instantly with the release of a large amount of gas, heat, and light, often accompanied by sound?

A. Spontaneous combustion

B. Rapid combustion

C. Explosion

D. Slow combustion

12. Using a fire blanket to extinguish a small fire works primarily by:

A. Lowering the temperature of the fuel

B. Removing the fuel source

C. Cutting off the supply of oxygen

D. Increasing the ignition temperature

13. In a candle flame, which zone is the hottest?

A. The innermost dark zone

B. The middle luminous zone

C. The outer non-luminous zone

D. The wick itself

14. Magnesium ribbon burns in air with a dazzling white flame to produce:

A. Magnesium Carbonate

B. Magnesium Oxide

C. Magnesium Sulfate

D. Magnesium Chloride

15. Why is water NOT used to extinguish electrical fires or oil fires?

A. Water acts as a fuel for these fires

B. Water can conduct electricity or cause oil to splatter

C. Water turns into oxygen when heated

D. Water increases the ignition temperature of oil 

>> Answer

>> Explain



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Worksheet Science 8 Grade - Physical & Chemical Changes (Key) - MATERIAL CHANGES

 1. Which of the following is a characteristic of a physical change?

A. A new substance is formed.

B. The chemical composition remains the same.

C. It is usually irreversible.

D. Light or heat is always produced.

  • Pembahasan: Perubahan fisika hanya mengubah bentuk, ukuran, atau wujud zat tanpa mengubah identitas kimia materi tersebut. Tidak ada zat baru yang terbentuk.

  • Kunci: B

2. What happens during a chemical change?

A. The substance only changes its shape.

B. The atoms are rearranged to form new substances.

C. The substance changes from a solid to a liquid.

D. The total mass of the substance increases.

  • Pembahasan: Dalam perubahan kimia, ikatan antar atom terputus dan terbentuk kembali dalam kombinasi yang berbeda, menciptakan zat baru dengan sifat yang berbeda dari zat asalnya.

  • Kunci: B

3. Which process is an example of a physical change?

A. Burning a piece of paper.

B. Baking a cake in the oven.

C. Melting an ice cube.

D. Digestion of food in the stomach.

  • Pembahasan: Mencairnya es batu hanyalah perubahan wujud dari padat ke cair (H2O tetap H2O). Sedangkan pilihan lainnya menghasilkan zat baru melalui reaksi kimia.

  • Kunci: C

4. Which of these is a clear indicator that a chemical change has occurred?

A. Change in state (e.g., solid to liquid).

B. Formation of a precipitate.

C. Change in size.

D. Dissolving sugar in water.

  • Pembahasan: Precipitate (endapan) adalah zat padat yang terbentuk secara tiba-tiba dari campuran dua larutan cair, yang menandakan terbentuknya produk kimia baru.

  • Kunci: B

5. When iron reacts with oxygen to form rust, what kind of change is it?

A. Physical change.

B. Chemical change.

C. Change in state.

D. Phase change.

  • Pembahasan: Karat (besi oksida) adalah zat baru yang memiliki sifat berbeda dari besi murni dan oksigen. Ini adalah hasil dari reaksi oksidasi.

  • Kunci: B

6. Cutting a wooden log into small chips is a physical change because...

A. The wood changes into a new material.

B. The color of the wood changes.

C. Only the shape and size change, not the identity.

D. It releases energy in the form of heat.

  • Pembahasan: Meskipun kayu telah hancur menjadi serpihan kecil, secara kimiawi setiap serpihan tersebut masih tetap kayu (selulosa).

  • Kunci: C

7. Which of the following is NOT a sign of a chemical reaction?

A. Evolution of a gas (bubbles).

B. Change in temperature.

C. Change in shape.

D. Production of an odor.

  • Pembahasan: Perubahan bentuk adalah ciri fisik. Sebaliknya, gelembung gas, suhu yang berubah, dan bau menyengat biasanya menandakan adanya reaksi kimia.

  • Kunci: C

8. Is dissolving salt in water a physical or chemical change?

A. Chemical, because the salt disappears.

B. Physical, because the salt can be recovered by evaporation.

C. Chemical, because a new liquid is formed.

D. Physical, because the water changes color.

  • Pembahasan: Melarutkan garam adalah perubahan fisik karena kita bisa mendapatkan kembali garam tersebut hanya dengan menguapkan airnya (proses pemisahan fisik).

  • Kunci: B

9. What type of change occurs when a candle burns?

A. Only physical change.

B. Only chemical change.

C. Both physical and chemical change.

D. No change occurs.

  • Pembahasan: Lilin yang meleleh adalah perubahan fisika (perubahan wujud), sedangkan sumbu dan uap lilin yang terbakar menjadi asap/gas adalah perubahan kimia.

  • Kunci: C

10. Which of the following describes a chemical property?

A. Density.

B. Boiling point.

C. Flammability.

D. Solubility.

  • Pembahasan: Flammability (mudah terbakar) adalah kemampuan suatu zat untuk mengalami reaksi kimia (pembakaran). Pilihan lainnya adalah sifat fisika.

  • Kunci: C

11. Baking soda reacting with vinegar to produce carbon dioxide gas is a...

A. Physical change.

B. Chemical change.

C. Change of state.

D. Reversible process.

  • Pembahasan: Munculnya gas karbon dioksida (CO2) hasil pertemuan asam cuka dan soda kue membuktikan terbentuknya zat baru.

  • Kunci: B

12. The process of sublimation (e.g., dry ice turning into gas) is a...

A. Chemical change.

B. Physical change.

C. Chemical reaction.

D. Permanent change.

  • Pembahasan: Sublimasi adalah perubahan wujud dari padat langsung ke gas. Karena identitas zatnya tetap sama, ini adalah perubahan fisika.

  • Kunci: B

13. Which statement is true about the Law of Conservation of Mass?

A. Mass is lost during a chemical change.

B. Mass is gained during a physical change.

C. Mass stays the same in both physical and chemical changes.

D. Mass only stays the same in physical changes.

  • Pembahasan: Hukum Kekekalan Massa menyatakan bahwa massa tidak dapat diciptakan atau dimusnahkan. Dalam reaksi kimia maupun fisika, total massa sebelum dan sesudah proses tetap sama.

  • Kunci: C

14. Which of these is a chemical change?

A. Breaking a glass bottle.

B. Sharpening a pencil.

C. Fireworks exploding.

D. Mixing sand and water.

  • Pembahasan: Ledakan kembang api melibatkan reaksi kimia cepat yang melepaskan energi panas, cahaya, dan menghasilkan gas serta abu baru.

  • Kunci: C

15. A slice of apple turning brown when left out in the air is an example of...

A. A physical change due to temperature.

B. A chemical change called oxidation.

C. A change in state.

D. Evaporation of water from the apple.

  • Pembahasan: Perubahan warna menjadi cokelat pada apel terjadi karena reaksi enzimatis dengan oksigen di udara (oksidasi), yang menghasilkan zat warna baru.

  • Kunci: B

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Worksheet Science 8 Grade - Physical & Chemical Changes - MATERIAL CHANGES

 


1. Which of the following is a characteristic of a physical change?

A. A new substance is formed.

B. The chemical composition remains the same.

C. It is usually irreversible.

D. Light or heat is always produced.

2. What happens during a chemical change?

A. The substance only changes its shape.

B. The atoms are rearranged to form new substances.

C. The substance changes from a solid to a liquid.

D. The total mass of the substance increases.

3. Which process is an example of a physical change?

A. Burning a piece of paper.

B. Baking a cake in the oven.

C. Melting an ice cube.

D. Digestion of food in the stomach.

4. Which of these is a clear indicator that a chemical change has occurred?

A. Change in state (e.g., solid to liquid).

B. Formation of a precipitate.

C. Change in size.

D. Dissolving sugar in water.

5. When iron reacts with oxygen to form rust, what kind of change is it?

A. Physical change.

B. Chemical change.

C. Change in state.

D. Phase change.

6. Cutting a wooden log into small chips is a physical change because...

A. The wood changes into a new material.

B. The color of the wood changes.

C. Only the shape and size change, not the identity.

D. It releases energy in the form of heat.

7. Which of the following is NOT a sign of a chemical reaction?

A. Evolution of a gas (bubbles).

B. Change in temperature.

C. Change in shape.

D. Production of an odor.

8. Is dissolving salt in water a physical or chemical change?

A. Chemical, because the salt disappears.

B. Physical, because the salt can be recovered by evaporation.

C. Chemical, because a new liquid is formed.

D. Physical, because the water changes color.

9. What type of change occurs when a candle burns?

A. Only physical change.

B. Only chemical change.

C. Both physical and chemical change.

D. No change occurs.

10. Which of the following describes a chemical property?

A. Density.

B. Boiling point.

C. Flammability.

D. Solubility.

11. Baking soda reacting with vinegar to produce carbon dioxide gas is a...

A. Physical change.

B. Chemical change.

C. Change of state.

D. Reversible process.

12. The process of sublimation (e.g., dry ice turning into gas) is a...

A. Chemical change.

B. Physical change.

C. Chemical reaction.

D. Permanent change.

13. Which statement is true about the Law of Conservation of Mass?

A. Mass is lost during a chemical change.

B. Mass is gained during a physical change.

C. Mass stays the same in both physical and chemical changes.

D. Mass only stays the same in physical changes.

14. Which of these is a chemical change?

A. Breaking a glass bottle.

B. Sharpening a pencil.

C. Fireworks exploding.

D. Mixing sand and water.

15. A slice of apple turning brown when left out in the air is an example of...

A. A physical change due to temperature.

B. A chemical change called oxidation.

C. A change in state.

D. Evaporation of water from the apple.

>> Answer

>> Explain



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